The aim of this study was to research the effect of leading questions on eyewitness testimony Essay Example

The point of this examination was to investigate the impact of driving inquiries on observer declaration Essay The point of this investigation was to explore the impact of driving inquiries on onlooker declaration. The theory was that driving inquiries would significantly affect memory review. This draws on aftereffects of an examination by Loftus Zanni whose exploration demonstrated that driving inquiries increment the quantity of erroneously reviewed subtleties. Members were chosen by circumstance inspecting. The picked investigation bunch were given an instructions and told that they could leave at whenever on the off chance that they wished to. The gathering watched a clasp from Crimewatch UK, and finished a survey dependent on their review. There were two types of survey. The main was a control poll that did exclude driving inquiries. It utilized the basic word a. The second was a trial survey which utilized the basic word the, and which included five driving inquiries. The factual investigation later led demonstrated that the impact of driving inquiries is to a great extent immaterial, on the grounds that they had little impact on the quantity of erroneously reviewed subtleties. In this way the exploratory speculation can be dismissed and the invalid theory, which states driving inquiries have no impact on the review of occasions, can be acknowledged. Presentation We will compose a custom paper test on The point of this investigation was to explore the impact of driving inquiries on onlooker declaration explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on The point of this investigation was to explore the impact of driving inquiries on onlooker declaration explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The point of this investigation was to explore the impact of driving inquiries on onlooker declaration explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer So as to discover whether driving inquiries affect onlooker we should characterize what a main inquiry is. Loftus depicts a main inquiry as an inquiry that depicts a specific attractive response to the member. For instance a main inquiry might be did you see the red vehicle? this is driving as the basic word, the in this occasion infers that there was a red vehicle, despite the fact that this may not be the situation. The inquiry ought to be did you see a red vehicle? for it to be really legitimate. Loftus led an investigation into the region of driving inquiries to give a progressively legitimate portrayal of the given occasions in police meetings and survey circumstances. This investigation was intended to check whether such driving inquiries would influence the review in a wrongdoing review circumstance. As per Loftus and Palmers (1974) driving inquiries can seriously influence the result of a survey or meeting, in any event, when just a particular emotive word is utilized. Loftus and Palmer led an examination utilizing a genuine occasion and a scope of both sincerely charged and unbiased words. In their investigation members were demonstrated a clasp of a vehicle crashes and later requested to finish a survey. A portion of the members were given genuinely charged words, for example, impacted and crushed. Others were given words with less genuinely charged words, for example, knock, hit and reached. They found that not exclusively does the basic word change the measure of inaccurately reviewed realities, yet in addition the passionate centrality of that word. For instance the word crushed was found to create answers of higher velocities than less genuinely charged words. Zanni Loftus (1975) utilized two sorts of inquiries. They utilized the inconclusive non driving inquiry, for example did you see a wrecked front light? whereby there is no deceptive of data. The other sort of inquiry was an unequivocal driving inquiry, for example did you see the messed up front light? Their examination explored the legitimacy of reviewed onlooker occasions. This was accomplished by asking whether a main inquiry influences a members reaction to certain basic words. Members were indicated a recreation of a wrongdoing and given surveys including both driving and non driving inquiries. This basic change in the free factor had a recognizable impact in the measure of bogus reactions, the reliant variable. This investigation will be a precisely replication of Loftus ; Zannis study, anyway an alternate video and surveys will be utilized. The point of my examination is to explore the impact of driving inquiries on Eye Witness Testimony. The test theory is that driving inquiries increment the quantity of inaccurately reviewed occasions. My invalid speculation is that driving inquiries have no impact on the legitimacy of reviewed occasions. Technique: Structure: The investigation was structured as a lab explore different avenues regarding an autonomous estimates plan. The example bunch was chosen into two conditions, a control a condition and an exploratory the condition. The autonomous variable was the basic word in the inquiry utilized. This could have been either a for the benchmark group, or the for the exploratory gathering. The free factor would have influenced the result of the needy variable, in this occasion, the quantity of erroneous realities reviewed. The free estimates configuration was utilized to test the two gatherings simultaneously, decreasing the measure of time expected to lead the trial. The research center examination was valuable for the investigation as any superfluous factors could be controlled in light of the fact that it didn't influence the outcomes. Clamor levels have been found to lessen members focus in an examination. So as to keep away from this, the examination was directed during the day in a room in school. This implied outside rooms were tranquil and commotion didn't influence focus levels. The examination included beguiling the members about its point. They trusted it was about memory execution and not driving inquiries. To counter this, an instructions was performed before the beginning of the investigation. Members were educated regarding their entitlement to pull back whenever, and they were consoled that any information gathered would remain totally secret. After the investigation was directed the members were questioned. The points of the examination were clarified. The gathering were offered the chance to pull back their outcomes. The experimenters contact subtleties were given to the members. On the off chance that they wished to examine any issues raised by the trial.

Civil War in the Summer of 1642 Essay

There were various elements and accordingly various individuals who were urgent in disturbing the flare-up of the principal English common war, yet the vast majority of these individuals were separated of two noticeable gatherings, to be specific the royalists and parliamentarians. Of these two gatherings, two figures outstand as unpleasant opponents, King Charles I and John Pym; together they contributed most altogether to the contradiction and hostility among Parliament and King. Be that as it may, eventually I trust Pym to be the lesser of two shades of malice. The relationship and status of the government in parliament’s eyes had just been in a condition of decrease even before Charles’ rule. His ancestor had been known as the ‘wisest fool in Christendom’ and there was a great deal of hatred towards the previous lord, James, not just as a result of the occasions he broke up parliament yet in addition from his maltreatment of intensity and distance of them through illustrious privileges, which were legitimized by his own ‘divine right of kings’ conviction. It could be contended that Charles was maneuvered into a difficult task from the beginning and was not to fault for the harmed connection between the lodge and himself, in any case, during Charles’ rule, he made no endeavor to accommodate relations in any event, rehashing the goals of his dad through the ‘divine right of kings’ and furthermore through the haughtiness of his demeanor and resulting disintegration of parliament on numerous events. History appeared to pretty much recurrent itself, with 1629 denoting the beginning of the ‘eleven years tyranny’ through which Charles ran exclusively without parliament. Willingly, he at that point upheld various assessments and changes that were vigorously scrutinized by both parliament and open the same. Among these were the strict changes welcomed on by the disliked Archbishop William Laud, who was associated with Roman Catholicism which along with the reality Charles’ spouse was Catholic, distanced parliament further and took care of gossip of a Catholic intrigue. Different changes welcomed on, for example, the Star Chamber and right courts were utilized to quietness pundits, and further extended the partition between the two; a few parliamentarians, for example, John Hampden even tested the progressions, for example, the boat cash charge Hampden would not pay. All these served to additionally discard any desire for serene arrangements among parliament and Ch arles, with each new activity attempted increasing more analysis. Certainly be that as it may, probably the greatest pundit was John Pym. Pym was a long serving individual from parliament who had contradicted the government even in the rule of James, having been dynamic in the reprimand of Buckingham in 1625 and in the creation of the request of right in 1628. He had contradicted Charles a various focuses and contributed essentially to the difference among Parliament and King and the ensuing disintegrations of Parliament; Clarendon had said during the Short Parliament of 1640, Pym had â€Å"had seemed, by all accounts, to be the most driving man†. It was nothing unexpected with such excitement that when of the Long parliament, Pym had avoided an allegation of injustice and become the pioneer of the resistance to the lord. Be that as it may, it is imperative to acknowledge Pym was extremely simply battling for the privileges of parliament and against the supreme government Charles was forcing. In the same way as other different puritans, he had valid justification to fear the â€Å"Catholic conspiracy† ref erenced before and accepted the oppressive legislature of Charles was a method of annihilating the protestant confidence in England. In this light, Charles’ haughtiness comes through as he was clearly incapable to haggle over his nonsensical activities. At the point when parliament at long last should have been called again in 1640 because of the Scottish intrusion, it denoted a state of powerlessness for Charles, which parliament and in particular Pym exploited. Charles required subsidizing, and in return for the cash the Long parliament requested the arraignment of both Laud and Strafford just as the evacuation of the Star Chamber. In the two cases, Pym was leading the lawful procedures, in any event, having propelled a Bill of Attainder to legitimize a capital punishment for Strafford which was soon hesitantly marked by Charles. The Earl of Strafford had been a nearby guide of the ruler, and his demise was a colossal hit to Charles and something he generally lamented given the guarantee he made to Strafford â€Å"upon the expression of a lord, you will not endure throughout everyday life, respect or fortune†. Therefore, Charles despised parliament and yearned for vengeance. With the condition of relations among King and parliament at a record-breaking low, the exact opposite thing required was more analysis to a previously debilitated lord, who had quite recently consented to the Triennial demonstration of 1641 which implied parliament would be called no less than like clockwork. In spite of this, Pym and his supporters introduced the Grand Remonstrance; a rundown of 160 complaints and offenses of Charles. This in itself was something proposed by Pym and was practically taunting Charles with his â€Å"divine right of kings† perfect presently seeming old. This may have demonstrated an issue that is finally too much to bear for Charles, who might have been building an extraordinary feeling of outrage with Parliament and all the more explicitly with Pym. Without a doubt not long after in 1642, Pym alongside four other noticeable individuals from the resistance was accused of treachery , demonstrating exactly the amount of a danger Charles saw Pym as. At the point when Charles willingly volunteered to show up at parliament with 300 fighters to by and by capture the five individuals it wrecked any last slivers of trust among Parliament and Charles. Individuals from parliament were agents of the individuals and Charles was capturing five of them for only reprimanding. This occasion encapsulated to Parliament the total government they were battling against and all the freedoms they despite everything expected to battle for. Charles must have even understood the mix-up he had made in breaking any residual ties with parliament, and after six days set out toward Oxford to set up a multitude of the unavoidable coming war. Taking everything into account, both Pym and Charles can be deciphered similar to the explanation relations self-destructed and Civil war broke out, be that as it may, even with Pym’s contribution in numerous parliamentary disintegrations and express resistance to the lord, Charles despite everything shows up as the most irrational. Charles gave a lot of explanations behind parliament and individuals such has Pym to condemn him, having made no endeavor to gain from his father’s botches, administering for a long time intentionally without parliament mediation and from forcing assessments and strict changes which distanced individuals. The last demonstration of endeavoring to capture five individuals from parliament with several outfitted gatekeepers, demonstrated excessively forceful as well as the last explanation regarding why Civil war turned into the main arrangement remaining.

Sumner, Charles

Sumner, Charles Sumner, Charles, 1811â€"74, U.S. senator from Massachusetts (1851â€"74), b. Boston. He attended (1831â€"33) and was later a lecturer at Harvard law school, was admitted (1834) to the bar, and practiced in Boston. He spent the years 1837 to 1840 in Europe. Later he became involved in several reform movements, including antislavery, and in 1851 a combination of Free-Soilers and Democrats sent him to the Senate. An aggressive abolitionist, Sumner attacked the fugitive slave laws, denounced the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, and on May 19â€"20, 1856, delivered his notable antislavery speech called The Crime against Kansas. A master of invective, he singled out as his special victim Senator Andrew Pickens Butler of South Carolina, who was not there to reply. Two days later he was assaulted in the Senate chamber by Preston S. Brooks , Butler's nephew. It took Sumner more than three years to recover from the attack, but Massachusetts reelected him, and he resumed his seat in Dec., 1859. H e had been important in organizing the new Republican party and in 1861 was made chairman of the Senate foreign relations committee. In the Trent Affair he favored the release of the captured Confederate commissioners. Sumner highly approved Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation; indeed he had been impatient at the long delay. Sumner in the Senate and Thaddeus Stevens in the House led the radical Republicans in their Reconstruction program for the South. He held that the Southern states had committed suicide by their secession and thus had lost any rights under the Constitution. Reconstruction he considered the function of Congress alone and he was most active in trying to secure the conviction of President Andrew Johnson on the impeachment charges. During the administration of Ulysses S. Grant, Sumner's excessive demands regarding Civil War claims against Great Britain hampered the administration's negotiations with that country. His relationship with Grant deteriorated furth er when Sumner denounced Grant's questionable scheme to annex Santo Domingo; this led to his removal (Mar., 1871) from the chairmanship of the committee on foreign relations. Humiliated, Sumner helped organize (1872) the short-lived Liberal Republican party . Sumner wrote and spoke widely, and there are two editions of his works (15 vol., 1870â€"83; 20 vol., 1900). See E. L. Pierce, Memoir and Letters of Charles Sumner (4 vol., 1877â€"93); D. H. Donald, Charles Sumner and the Coming of the Civil War (1960, repr. 1970) and Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man (1970). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Why Slavery Was The Worst Thing That Happened - 881 Words

American society has a several ethnic group mixed together in one country. Many People immigrate from their country into America to achieve things aren t exist their country, Like better life, job opportunities education, and freedom. One of these ethnic groups is Nigerian who is living in America. they had come to U.S long time ago by different ways. First, they brought America as slaves. and second they immigrate into U.S to change their life from bad to better. During 17th and 18th century, African people including Nigerian had brought to America by force to make them slaves. Nigeria was a major source of export slaves to the new world and made them do hard work.Slavery was concentrated in the state of Virginia. Also, Americans treated them very bad as animals without any of human rights. It was very difficult life for them. I think slavery was the worst thing that happened in United States history. By the end of 18th-century slavery was abolished on America, but they didn t get equality. Americans were segregated between black and white people. Nigerian had done a lot to get equality and finally they got what the freedom. Kind of the same thing had happened to Nigerian when they came to Saudi Arabia a long time ago. The Saudi’s tribes were stolen them and made them work very hard without freedom and they were discriminated them. According to that, Nigerian had suffered from slavery and discrimination in the past. However, living in Nigeria was very difficultShow MoreRelatedCivil War : A War Between Citizens Of The Same Country1609 Words   |  7 Pagescountry. Why would America have this fight? The Northern states of America decided that they would no longer tolerate the Southern states treating African Americans as slaves because of the color of their skin. When disputes were brought up over this issue between the North and South, the South was too persistent to have slaves. 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So did America back in the 1600’s where the first of racism and black slavery began and h alf the world’s population in the 21st Century think so too. It was said for many years that Hitler was obsessed with racial â€Å"purity† and spread his beliefs in speeches and writings pronouncing that his race needs to remain pure in order to rule the world. What was his definitionRead MoreSlavery in America941 Words   |  4 PagesSlavery in America Does anyone know who really started slavery? Slavery first took place in North America, 1619 at a British colony of Jamestown Virginia† (Boles, John). This caused slavery to spread throughout the American colonies. Slavery had a huge impact on America and still does till this day. Slavery was nothing new when it came to America. 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In The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Frederick Douglass presents the theme of perversi on of Christianity by slaveholders as a way to bring out the contradictionRead MoreRadical Reforms For African Americans931 Words   |  4 PagesRadical Reforms When Africa Americans were freed from slavery that put a huge negative hit on the south economically. Due to no more free labor the cotton business took a turn for the worst, that is why many former slave owners tried to take away many African Americans rights. By using violence when things started going awry that’s when congress stepped in and created a reform. One of the many influential things they did was giving African Americans the ability to vote. When doing this this led

Hinduism Jainism and Buddhism - 3092 Words

HINDUISM Hinduism is the oldest and most complex of all religious systems. The origins of Hinduism can be traced to the Indus Valley civilization sometime between 4000 and 2500 BCE. Though believed by many to be a polytheistic religion, the basis of Hinduism is the belief in the unity of everything. This totality is called Brahman. The purpose of life is to realize that we are part of God and by doing so we can leave this plane of existence and rejoin with God. This enlightenment can only be achieved by going through cycles of birth, life and death known as samsara. Ones progress towards enlightenment is measured by his karma. This is the accumulation of all ones good and bad deeds and this determines the persons next reincarnation.†¦show more content†¦However, since the time of the Buddha, Buddhism has integrated many regional religious rituals, beliefs and customs into it as it has spread throughout Asia, so that this generalization is no longer true for all Buddhists. This has oc curred with little conflict due to the philosophical nature of Buddhism. The Buddhas teachings can be understood on two distinct levels. One is logical and conceptual and is concerned with an intellectual comprehension of man and the external universe. The second level is empirical, experiential and psychological. It concerns the ever-present and inescapable phenomena of human experience -- love and hate, fear and sorrow, pride and passion, frustration and lation. And most important, it explains the origins of such states of mind and prescribes the means for cultivating those states which are rewarding and wholesome and of diminishing those which are unsatisfactory and unwholesome. It was to this second level that the Buddha gave greater emphasis and importance. 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HoweverRead MoreDifferences and Similarities of Ancient Religions of India1042 Words   |  5 PagesHinduism, Buddhism and Jainism gained importance and popularity during a t ime of great religious exploration. While these religions have some similarities, they also have some distinct differences. The key to all three of these is enlightment. Let’s look at some other similarities between them. Buddhism and Jainism, originated and developed individually in the same geographical area of India with neither believing in the existence of God, but they do recognize a higher human form. All threeRead MoreJain Philosophy- Jainism1312 Words   |  5 PagesJainism is not the biggest of the Indian religions, but it is significant in todays world. Jain philosophy embodies the ideas that all beings have a soul, multiple aspects and non-attachment. Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism have significant differences in their belief of the universe in regrades to karma. 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Joan of Arc Research Paper Free Essays

string(25) " God give you long life\." Joan the young warrior who created an impact on the world Joan was a brave warrior, a loving character to everyone around her. Joan of Arc is one of the many women who have created a major impact on the world; though she started very young, she followed the instructions given by God through Saint Catherine to help unite France and drive the English out. Joan, as a child, was very well disciplined. We will write a custom essay sample on Joan of Arc Research Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Her father Jacques d’ Arc, was the village’s central farmer and head chief; he had a way of running things very harshly. She shared a room with her three older brothers; they equally shared chores which included working in the fields, caring for animals, or cleaning the house. Her father preferred her older brothers in a way where he would always ignore Joan. Joan attended church more than an average person would. During her free time she would spend constant hours praying to God. She was a devout Christian, and true to her faith. The villagers of the town loved her, â€Å"she was such a good girl that almost everyone in Domremy loved her. † –Williamson pg. 3. Her constant praying, and attendance in the church, categorized her as the laughing stock of Joan’s age group. In the presence of her older brothers, and her mother she was loved. Joan’s Father didn’t favor her, because having a daughter in the family would bring higher taxes. The Friar of Domremy saw Joan enter the chapel, Notre Dame de Bermont, many times throughout the day. Joan would walk up to the altar and pray to God then recite â€Å"The Lord’s Prayer† Joan was said to have loved the church bells so much they gave her joy. This encouraged her to praise, and pray to God more than she ever did. Joan was so close to God that the Angel St. Catherine, St. Margret, and St. Michael appeared to her when she was seven years of age. They told her to be a good girl, and to always go to church. She followed their instructions and every time that she attend church she would hear their voices speak to her. Joan contributed majorly in the time of harvest to help bring in the crop. She helped her mother with sewing, cooking, and gathering the rest of the family from the field to come home when dusk was near. Though she wanted to tell her mother about the visits from the angels, she vowed never to tell anyone in the town of Domremy. Joan at the age of sixteen acquired an important mission by God. It required her to go to the town of Chinon, where she would appoint the Dauphin, Charles VII, to be King of France. Joan traveled to a nearby town called Vaucouleurs to ask the local military captain Robert de Bradricourt for an escort to escort her to Chinon to see Charles VII. Sir Robert refused Joan’s request, and sent her to her uncle, Durand, who was currently living in Vaucouleurs to take Joan back to her father and â€Å"box her ears† (to slap her with the palm of their hand up across her head to make her deaf for a while. Durand saw that Joan noticed that Sir Robert did not want to send her to go and see the Dauphin. Returning back to Vaucouleurs Joan asked Sir Robert for a third time. He had agreed, yet Joan already knew the answer, St. Catherine had already told her that he would finally say yes to her request. Her uncle provided her with armor, Sir Robert supplied Joan with, horses, food, and h e brought along some men to assist them if trouble were to come along the way to Chinon. On their halfway point of their journey to Chinon, they camped along side a small river. The night was cold, and the days were cool, being so close to the winter season. In the morning they awoke to the sound of horse’s hooves pounding on the floor. Burgundians have just raided a nearby village, and have taken some captives, along with items from the village, and money. Joan hearing the cries of the captives, she went and attacked the Burgundians even though she didn’t know how to fight. Sir Robert knowing took his men and fought the group of Burgundians, they killed them without suffering any loses, or injuries; sending the Captives home along with some of the stolen items they couldn’t return, for the Burgundians have burned their Village down as they raided it. As Joan arrived in Chinon, word had spread throughout France that a young girl would come and claim to be the Maid of Orleans, as said in prophecy. As she entered Chinon, the people started to call her the Maid of Orleans. Joan corrected them, and told them that she wasn’t the Maid; she was just a mere messenger from God with a mission. She came to a conclusion on her mission, where she would appoint Charles VII as King of France. All she needed to do was talk to Charles and show him the sign that God wanted him to see. Joan considered that she would need to have an audience that had to be accepted. She went to the chapel to pray to God one last time before she met Charles. Before Joan had entered the room where Charles was, he decided to put together a test for Joan to see if her God was real or not. He would place a man in royal clothing and have him sit upon the throne, while Charles wore common gentleman’s clothing and hide in the crowd. Joan’s audience with Charles was accepted; with the test prepared they allowed her to enter the room. Upon reaching the throne she turned and walked up to Charles hidden in the crowd dressed in commoners clothing. Joan kneeled replying â€Å"Gentle Dauphin, God give you long life. You read "Joan of Arc Research Paper" in category "Free Research Paper Samples" -Hall, pg. 4 The Dauphin declined being Charles, yet she says the one sitting on the throne is but a mere gentleman and that the man in front of her is Charles. She said God had shown her where Charles was located in the room. The town of Orleans was under Siege of Englan d. Its forces were so great that all hope in retaking Orleans’s was lost. The Dauphin was very impressed with Joan that he allowed her to face the enemy and clear a way for him to get to Rheims where he would be crowned King of France. The guards and captains scoffed at the idea that a teenage girl would be leading their army. Joan argued with the men about them saying that God won’t lead them to victory against the English, yet Joan cried it is God who gives the victory, and the men are the one’s who must fight. With a small band of men she traveled to Orleans, she rose against the English forces and won the battle for Orleans. She then declared herself to be commanded by her Saints that she could do anything through God’s power. Before the band of men and Joan set their course for Orleans Saint Catherine instructed Joan to travel to a nearby town of Fierbois and go to the church that is located there. She followed Saint Catherine’s instructions and traveled to the town of Fierbois. She knelt at the altar and began to pray to God. A sword crimson and gold scabbard was given to her. Now she set her travels to raise arms at the town of Orleans, and reclaim the city. Joan entered the outskirts of the city of Orleans where she would plan a battle strategy to drive the English out, though the Lord did not want Joan to use her sword and avoid shedding blood. Following God’s instructions Joan sent a letter to the English saying that they should listen to the commands that God has, and leave France. England declined the response and killed the messenger who presented the letter to them. Joan not wanting to start a battle was forced to by their reply. Many lives were lost heavily on both sides and Joan was wounded in the process, yet with her wound she still pressed on showing her courage and will to carry on through the strength of God. The battle for Orleans was won, and the town was back in France’s hands. The Dauphin Charles VII was now on his way to Rheims to be crowned as king of France. Joan’s victory has brought much hope to the remaining towns, and cities in territory of France along with more men to fill up Joan’s army. Joan had fulfilled her promises to God that she would help Charles VII become King of France. In the mid summer of July Charles VII had become King of France, and he had helped complete Joan’s mission. Joan stated at the day of Charles’s coronation â€Å"Gentle King,† she cried, in a voice with broken tears, â€Å"now is God’s pleasure fulfilled, who willed that I should raise the siege of Orleans and lead you to Rheims to receive your consecration. Now has He shown that you are a true King, and that France belongs to you alone. †-Hall pg. 9. Joan was told that she had to last a year, and from now and onward she fought like a high general, but with a great inspiration. Her next instructions were to take over Paris, yet these instructions weren’t from God but from Charles VII. The taking of Paris was none compared to the struggle of Orleans, but much more difficult. The English along with the Burgundians held hostile Paris. They had only one weakness and that was the fear that the Maid of Orleans would come and over take them. They knew in order to still hold France’s territory they had to remove Joan from the picture. They meet with Charles VII and held an agreement that they would give France’s capitol, Paris, back if they would hand Joan over to the English. Charles thinking of the matter of gaining Frances major city back, utterly agreed to the offer. Charles told Joan to prepare the troops and march onward to the city of Paris. Joan began to have pride in herself, and began calling herself the Maid of Orleans. She began her Journey to Paris with an army behind her along with the man who helped her begging her Journey Sir Robert Bradricourt. With the Help of God, and Her staff she claimed they will take Paris. The battle was lost and Joan was captured by the English and many of her men’s lives were now gone. Joan now a prisoner was forced to obey everything. The queen of Burgundy saw Joan and treated her with respect for she was the Maid of Orleans. The Queen released Joan only to go back with the Queen to give her anything that Joan would ask for. Joan only wished to go back with her army, but the queen declined telling her she wouldn’t return to France and that she would fight for England. Joan still a prisoner under the Queen was soon no longer in good care. The queen had died and soon Joan was taken away as a captive under France only to be treated horribly. Joan was trialed to court and charged for heresy, and witchcraft. Joan was trialed by the church. The church linked that Charles VII was in association with the devil. The trial was held in the Chapel Royal at Rouen Castle. The judge’s job was to prove that Joan was a heretic by using the means of torturing her to confess her sins and return to the church. They asked her question which included â€Å"what language did Joan’s Saints use? Were they naked? †-Williamson pg. 28. Joan laughed at the idea and replied to the questions truthfully. She had told the church everything that she had been through and everything that Saint Catherine, Saint Margret, and Saint Michael had told her. The church didn’t believe anything that Joan said and believe it was all blasphemy and the voices that she heard of were from the devil. They told her in order to escape the penalty of death she must recant everything that she said and say it was all a lie. Cauchon one of the judgers of the trial, threated Joan by burning her arm with fire, to give a feel at what burning on the stake was like. Out of fear Joan recanted everything she had said. Being alone in her prison cell she asked God for his forgiveness, and to take her sins away. She rebuked all of her pride, which she fell on at the battle to reclaim Paris. In the process of being in prison the guards had her their way with her, she was raped, beaten, and treated horribly. She again said she un recanted and she took back what she said. On May 30 Joan was taken to the Market of the towns center and she was burned at the steak. Many of Joan’s army men were there hidden in disguise. Sir Robert Bradricourt wept along with other men at the sight of the one they fought along side with , and believed in was dying in front of them. Witness at the scene said her heart never burned. A statue of Joan was place in Paris forever in memory of her. With Joan’s life being so short, she accomplished the mission that was appointed to her. She created an impact on both England, and France. Joan proved that with God all things are possible, even for a girl at sixteen. Joan’s actions will forever be in History, along with all of the other great women, and men of the world. How to cite Joan of Arc Research Paper, Essays

Gun Control Discursive Essay Example For Students

Gun Control Discursive Essay Americans are faced with an ever-growing problem of violence. Our streets have become a battleground where the elderly are beaten for their social security checks, where terrified women are viciously attacked and raped, where teen age gangsters shoot it out for a patch of turf to sell their drugs, and where innocent children are caught daily in the crossfire of drive by shootings. We cannot ignore the damage that these criminals are doing to our society, and we must take actions to stop these horrors. However, the effort by some misguided individuals to eliminate the legal ownership of firearms does not address the real problem at hand, and simply disarms the innocent law abiding citizens who are in need of a form of self-defense. The second amendment to the Constitution of the United States makes firearm ownership legal in this country. There were good reasons for this freedom. Firearms have played a big role in the freedom that exists in the United States today. In colonial times, the average American freed themselves from the British. These average American fighters were known as Minutemen. These Minutemen, named because they would pick up their guns and go to the defense of their country on a minutes notice, played a major part in winning the American Revolution. It was for that reason that the founding fathers of this country made the right to keep and bear arms a constitutional right. It wasnt until after the Civil War that the first gun control activists came into play. These were the southern leaders that were afraid that the newly freed black slaves would use their new political rights against them. To avoid this they passed new laws making it illegal for black people to own firearms in many states in the South. It was over a century until the civil rights activists of the 1960s were able to give the constitutional freedoms that the black people of this country were supposed to be given in the mid 1800s. Todays gun control activists are different than those of the past. They say that gun violence in this country has gotten to a point where something must be done to stop it. They would like to see criminals disarmed, and they want the violence to stop. However, they are going about it in the wrong way. While claiming that they want to take guns out of the hands of criminals, they work to pass laws that would take the guns out of the hands of law-abiding citizens instead. For this reason the, efforts for gun control do not address the real problems of crime. The simple definition of a criminal is someone who does not obey the law. The simple definition of a law-abiding citizen is someone who does obey the law. Therefore, if we pass laws restricting ownership of firearms, which group of people does it affect? The simple answer is that gun control laws affect law-abiding citizens only. By their very nature, criminals will continue to violate these new laws, they will continue to carry their firearms, and they will find their efforts at crime easier when they know that their victims will be unarmed. Innocent people are turned into victims when new laws make it impossible for them to fight back. An unarmed person stands little chance against an armed one. There have been laws passed that force citizens to go through a registration process to purchase a firearm. It is the law-abiding citizens who are going through these processes of getting permits so they may legally carry a firearm. The people who go through this legal process do not want t o break the law. The people who do intend to break the law will carry their guns whether or not the law allows them. .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 , .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .postImageUrl , .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 , .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:hover , .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:visited , .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:active { border:0!important; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:active , .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2 .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf7ddeccea9891104aab5b306e7d7f9e2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Life without Slim Shady / Eminem / Marshal Mathers EssayCriminals will always find ways to get guns. In this country we have made illegal the use, possession, sale, and transportation of many kinds of narcotics, but it is still easy for anyone to purchase their drug of choice from street corner dealers. Firearms and ammunition would be just as easy to obtain from these black market vendors. Today, criminals often carry illegal weapons, including sawed-off shotguns, machine guns, and even homemade guns, clearly showing disregard for the current laws that make these items illegal. The gun control advocates have argued their case by demonizing the gun itself, rather than addressing the people who commit violent crimes. They attempt to claim that possession of a gun turns average citizens into bloodthirsty lunatics. If legal possession of a firearm caused this sort of attitude, then why are crime rates highest in areas such as Washington D.C., and New York City which have strict gun control laws? And why are crime rates dropping in states such as Florida where private ownership of firearms is encouraged? Simply stated, legal ownership of a gun does not cause crime. The most recent efforts of gun control advocates have been to claim that certain types of guns and ammunition are evil. They assign emotional catch phrases such as assault weapons and cop killer bullets to broad categories of firearms and ammunition in the hopes that people will believe that some guns have an evil nature. Most people who are unfamiliar with firearms do not fully understand what these phrases mean, and they accept the terms being used without question. What people do not often understand is that the term assault weapon has been defined to include all semi-automatic rifles, and cop killer has been defined to include any bullet that can penetrate body armor. It comes as a surprise to most people that a large number of simple hunting rifles can do both. Does ownership of one of these weapons cause people to become mass murderers? It does not, and we must not fall into the trap of blaming the gun for the hand that holds it. The act of making it illegal to own firearms does little to prevent criminals from getting guns. These laws only restrict people who respect the law itself, the people who would only use firearms for legal purposes anyway. And when we give people the right to defend themselves, we find that criminals start looking for other victims out of fear that they will become the victims themselves. We must work to reduce crime in America, but we should look at the problem realistically, and develop plans that would be effective. It is obvious that the gun control laws are neither realistic, nor effective in reducing crime. Therefore, we must direct our efforts toward controlling crime, not controlling legal ownership of firearms. Words/ Pages : 1,144 / 24